Jp. A. Calosse

Kasimir Malevitch (Kiev, 1878 - Saint-Pétersbourg, 1935) était un peintre, un grand théoricien d'art, et surtout le père fondateur du suprématisme, style basé sur les formes géométriques et la recherche de l'abstraction pure. « Le suprématisme, écrivit-il, m'a conduit à découvrir quelque chose qui n'avait pas encore été compris jusqu'alors… Il y a dans la conscience humaine un désir impérieux d'espace et la volonté de s'échapper...

Picasso was born a Spaniard and, so they say, began to draw before he could speak. As an infant he was instinctively attracted to artist's tools. In early childhood he could spend hours in happy concentration drawing spirals with a sense and meaning known only to himself. At other times, shunning children's games, he traced his first pictures in the sand. This early self-expression held out promise of a rare gift. Málaga must be mentioned, for it...

Paul Gauguin was first a sailor, then a successful stockbroker in Paris. In 1874 he began to paint at weekends as a Sunday painter. Nine years later, after a stock-market crash, he felt confident of his ability to earn a living for his family by painting and he resigned his position and took up the painter's brush full time. Following the lead of Cézanne, Gauguin painted still-lifes from the very beginning of his artistic career. He even owned a...

Vincent van Gogh (Groot-Zundert, Brabant, 1853 – Auvers-sur-Oise, 1890)La vie et l'oeuvre de Vincent van Gogh sont si étroitement liées qu'il est quasiment impossible de voir ses toiles sans y lire le récit de sa vie : van Gogh est en effet devenu l'incarnation du martyr souffrant et incompris de l'art moderne, l'emblème de l'artiste marginal. Le premier article, publié en 1890, donnait des détails sur la maladie de van Gogh. L'auteur de l'article...

Whistler suddenly shot to fame like a meteor at a crucial moment in the history of art, a field in which he was a pioneer. Like the impressionists, with whom he sided, he wanted to impose his own ideas. Whistler's work can be divided into four periods. The first may be called a period of research in which he was influenced by the Realism of Gustave Courbet and by Japanese art. Whistler then discovered his own originality in the Nocturnes and the Cremorne...

Goya is perhaps the most approachable of painters. His art, like his life, is an open book. He concealed nothing from his contemporaries, and offered his art to them with the same frankness. The entrance to his world is not barricaded with technical difficulties. He proved that if a man has the capacity to live and multiply his experiences, to fight and work, he can produce great art without classical decorum and traditional respectability. He was...

Quiconque a eu la chance de tenir entre ses mains des livres manuscrits du Moyen ge a certainement été ému de ce contact direct avec un passé retrouvé. Les œuvres d'auteurs célèbres, ou parfois même à jamais anonymes, s'animent sous nos yeux : anciens traités de philosophie, de sciences naturelles et de théologie, romans de chevalerie et poèmes courtois, œuvres d'humanistes et de savants théologiens traduisant et commentant les classiques...

Johannes Vermeer (Delft, 1632 – 1675) Vermeer est le seul peintre correspondant à l'idée que l'on se fait habituellement de la placidité hollandaise. Peutêtre incarne-t-il un genre héroïque de placidité, car aucune de ses peintures ne laisse percer le moindre souffle d'inquiétude. Partout, nous avons l'impression que son coup de pinceau n'est qu'un lent effleurement, d'une assurance consommée, et qu'un reflet dans une bouteille, un rideau...

Degas was a French artist famous for his work in painting, sculpture, printmaking, and drawing. His career was long and his style, unlike that of most famous artists who worked into their old age, never ceased developing. He is regarded as one of the founders of Impressionism and is especially identified with the subject of dance (over half of his works depict dancers such as The Dance Class or the sculpture Little Ballet Dancer). These display his...

Pionnier au Portugal, son pays d'origine, Amadeo de Souza-Cardoso (1887-1918), fut aussi bien influencé par l'impressionnisme que par le fauvisme, l'expressionnisme et le futurisme. C'est en ctoyant des artistes tels qu'Amedeo Modigliani, Diego Rivera et Gaudí avec qui il se lia d'amitié qu'il développa son propre style, mêlant tradition et modernité. Emporté prématurément par la maladie, cet artiste avant- gardiste encore peu connu laissa...